The Control Unit is placed on the outside of the water tank.
S1 Parts - Control Unit S1 Parts - Control Unit S1 Parts - Control Unit S1 Parts - Control Unit
  • A) Lid with optional solar panel (USBC power input not used)
  • B) WiFi antenna.
  • C) WiFi Setup/Reset button.
  • D) USBC power input (used without batteries and solar panel)
  • E) Mount screws
  • F) 3 mm hole for AJ-SR04M sensor cable output.
  • H) AA NiMH rechargeable battery case.
  • I) Main cover, which may or may not contain a solar panel, depending on the selected power source (USBC or Solar+Baterries).
  • J) Power source selector to switch between USB or Solar.
  • K) Connector for HCSR04 sensors family, that can work with 3.3V. (AJ-SR04M recommended for support extreme humidity inside water tanks)

Use any from HCSR04 sensors family, that can work with 3.3V

AJ-SR04M (recommended)

S1 Parts - Internal Water Tank Sensor AJ-SR04M

RCWL-1670 (could require special case and waterproof treatment)

S1 Parts - Internal Water Tank Sensor RCWL-1670

Ensure that good 2.4GHz WiFi signal will reach the device area all the time.
  • Check device web page info, and ensure WiFi signal strength remains between -30 dBm and -78 dBm.
  • If WiFi signal strength is weak consider add WiFi range extenders.
  • Note, this device require stable WiFi and internet connection over the WiFi in order to work properly.

This device use a standard USBC for power input. Some of the options are:
  • In places where sunlight hits directly for at least 3 or more hours a day, you can use the solar module specially designed and tested for the S1.

    • Full wireless, not manual recharge necessary during years, if device area receive enough sunlight.
    • Designed and tested for exteriors, resist rain water, sunlight, and normal climate conditions at exteriors.
    • Usage temperature range from -20°C (-4°F) to +50°C (122°F)
    • Internal battery use 3x AA NiMH rechargeable batteries. Easy maintenance and backup energy while sunlight decay.
    • Ensure use good brand and quality AA NiMH batteries, 2000 mA or more.
    • Only use AA NiMH rechargeable batteries.
  • If device is closer to a AC power, a standard USBC cellphone charger can be used.

  • Depending on the water level measurement frequency configured for the device, it could consume up to 70 mA for approximately 6 seconds at 3.3V, each cycle. If you can expect long water level measurement cycles of many minutes, a power bank could last weeks depending on its capacity.

    For example using 2 minutes water level measurement frequency, and 5V DC, it could spend at minimum more than 1000 mA per each day. For 2 weeks duration (14 days) a power bank with more than 14,000 mA at 5V will be required.

  • Note, device will accept input voltages from 3.6 V to 5 V.
    In case of battery usages, ensure device don't remain with minimal voltage (under 3.5 V) for log periods.
  • Note AC/DC power usage require special safety precautions on exteriors or places near water, contact a qualified electrician if needed. Make sure cables are properly insulated from water and unpredictable weather conditions.

In this step, configure the device to connect to your local internet WiFi network

Steps:

  • 1) Connect the device to a power source. Ensure WiFi antenna is connected at Control Unit (part A).
  • 2) Using a cellphone, search and connect to a 2.4GHz WiFi network named WaterLevelProSetup with credentials/password: 1122334455

    If the network name doesn't show or disappears quickly, check USBC power input or press the WiFi setup reset button at Control Unit (part B).

  • 3) Enter your local WiFi auth info.

    After complete step 2) a Captive Portal at cellphone will guide to a Web page that will allow select the WiFi and credentials that will use the device.

    If the Captive Portal don't load automatically use this url http://192.168.4.1/ to load it manually from cellphone.

  • 4) Check your device is online

    Connect back your cellphone to internet and scan your device public QR code. If all was fine you will see the online status.

    If device don't show online, try to reconnect input power source or repeat all the process after press the WiFi setup reset button at device.

  • 5) Check WiFi signal strength

    Move device to the place it will be used and repeat step 1) now using more real data with device connected. Use the device QR code to monitor signal strength.

    Note a weak WiFi signal can increase power usage and reduce battery capacity.

  • Place the device as far as possible from the main water inlet of the water tank, without reaching to much closer to the water tank internal wall, to avoid erroneous measurements when filling the water tank.

    S1 incorrect sensor installation sample
    S1 correct sensor installation sample
  • Keep in mind that the internal sensor that is placed inside the water tank must have a minimum margin of 20 centimeters from its bottom location to the maximum distance that the water in the tank can reach.

    S1 required installation margin sample

    If the tank cannot preserve that minimum distance margin, the sensor blind area is reached and erroneous random measurements will be reported.

    In extreme cases, if the water in the tank overflows and covers the interior sensor, it could be damaged. The device is not intended for those usages and could reduce device usage life, but if you would like to take the risk ensure add extra water protection at USBC connection at sensor inside the water tank. (Like silicon glue sealing around it)

    Depending on the shape of your water tank, the closure of the lid and its resistance to local conditions, you may choose to install it elsewhere. Always select a safe installation option, this responsibility is offloaded to the client.

  • 1) Open mount holes

    Using a drill with an 11 millimeter diameter auger. Open two holes in the surface of the water tank 44 millimeters apart, measuring from the center of each hole. Check the holes distance using the Control Unit, before open the holes especially when the mount surface is curved.

    Depending on power source selected, ensure it will fit around selected area.

    S1 Installation - Fastening Holes
  • 2) Placement of the threaded support screw (Support Screw)

    Depending on the thickness of the water tank cover, select the most suitable support threaded screw (Support Screw). Note that you must leave about 30 additional millimeters after passing the cover to place the internal sensor there.

    Be sure to screw the Support Screw at least 10 millimeters into the upper base in the Control Unit that goes on the outside of the water tank. Screw it in carefully using a cloth or paper napkin to avoid damaging the plastic thread.

    S1 placement of the threaded support screw
  • 3) Placement of the upper Control Unit.

    Insert the Control Unit into the previously opened holes, optionally use the red flexible plastic washers provided, for more flexibility in fastening.

    Be sure not to force the cables or deform the USBC connector while they pass through the hole smoothly. If it does not pass, open the hole a little wider with the drill.

    S1 red flexible plastic washers
    S1 colocation at tank cover.

    Be sure to place the red cover on the Control Unit USBC input power connector and position it firmly to reduce moisture penetration into the joint.
    Use the slightly curved cover for the Control Unit and the straighter one on the Internal Sensor to the water tank. Tighten carefully to avoid damaging the USB connectors

    S1 Parts - USB-C cover
    WiFi Water Level S1 And P1 Installed
  • 4) Placement of Nut and Internal Sensor

    Place the thickest nut first, to get a firmer grip from the inside of the water tank cover, and screw it on until the Control Unit is slightly firm.

    Then place the internal sensor and the internal sensor retaining nut.

    S1 placement of nut under tank cover
    S1 internal sensor installation

    Ensure the Internal Sensor (Part J) face the waterside, to allow measure the water level properly.

    S1 internal sensor installation
  • 5) Water Tank Indoor Sensor Connection

    Finally, connect the USBC cable that comes out of the Control Unit, through the hole, to the sensor inside the water tank.

    Be sure to place the red cover on the sensor's USBC connector and position it firmly to reduce moisture penetration into the joint.

    S1 USB-C cover
    S1 internal sensor USB-C cover installation

    In case the water tank occasionally overflows and reaches the interior sensor, be sure to add additional protection by sealing the connection with silicone.

    Generic silicon glue gun

    Do not connect the USBC power cable to the USBC connector of the internal sensor of the water tank, or it may be damaged. USBC power input is intended exclusively for the main Control Unit.

To correctly calculate the percentage of water available from the water tank, the settings of each device must be adjusted to define at what level the water tank is considered empty.
  • 1) Create an account or login at WaterLevel.Pro

    This step is required to allow change device settings.

  • 2) Add Device Admin Private Key

    From same account logged browser, scan the device admin private key QR provided with the device and open the link. This will add device admin rights to your account.

  • 3) Update Empty Level at Settings

    After obtaining the device administration permissions, by linking with your private key, you can adjust the device settings.

    Within these configurations, adjust the one called Empty Level by placing the distance in centimeters from internal sensor to tank bottom at which you consider the water tank to be empty.


  • Basic free plan to use the device without costs.
    Minimum frequency updates 120 seconds.

  • Buy this monthly subscription to enable faster frequency updates up to 30 seconds. 1-Week Free Trial
    Minimum frequency updates 30 seconds.

To buy or manage a subscription a user account is not required

  • Experimental Prototype:
    This device is an experimental prototype intended solely for testing and development. It is not certified for commercial use or for inclusion in consumer-ready products.
  • Controlled Use:
    We recommend using this device in controlled environments, such as laboratories or for development purposes, not in critical or sensitive applications.
  • Limitations:
    As a prototype, this device may have limitations in terms of performance, functionality, and reliability compared to a finished commercial product.
  • Potential Risks:
    Use this device at your own risk. We are not responsible for any damage or loss resulting from the use of this prototype.
  • Not for Children:
    This device is not a toy and should not be used by children without adult supervision.
  • Feedback:
    We welcome any feedback on the device for future improvements and developments.
  • Open Hardware:
    This product is migrating to open hardware and free subscriptions for services. For more details check OSHWLab project